MapWinGIS is ActiveX MFC control to display geospatial data and a number of ATL classes to support the interaction with various datasources. The support for the larger part of both raster and vector formats is provided byGDAL library. A few formats are supports natively: ESRI Shapefiles, BMP images, some binary grids. There is also built-in support for commonly usedtile map services (TMS) like OpenStreetMap. Compared to other projects MapWinGIS provides both high performance due to native C++ code and the ease of use in various programming languages (COM), but generally it's limited to Windows desktop applications. Here are links for the detailed documentation for different versions of MapWinGIS.
MapWinGIS 4.9
MapWinGIS 4.8
Version history (changes from v 4.7 to v 4.8)
Older Documentation
UsingMapWinGIS.pdf - quick Start Guide (VB.NET);
MapWinGIS Reference Manual with TOC.pdf - API reference (thanks DerBeobachter for adding the TOC);
MapWinGIS_API_Poster.ppt - class diagram;
MapWinGIS.7z - another API reference (.chm);
Sample projects on various languages